{"id":3452,"date":"2025-11-05T11:24:40","date_gmt":"2025-11-05T11:24:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nutasiasociatii.ro\/?p=3452"},"modified":"2025-11-05T11:27:11","modified_gmt":"2025-11-05T11:27:11","slug":"cine-poate-mosteni-capacitatea-si-nedemnitatea-succesorala-explicate-pe-intelesul-tuturor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nutasiasociatii.ro\/en\/cine-poate-mosteni-capacitatea-si-nedemnitatea-succesorala-explicate-pe-intelesul-tuturor\/","title":{"rendered":"Who Can Inherit? Inheritance Capacity and Unworthiness Explained in Simple Terms"},"content":{"rendered":"
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When we talk about inheritance, one of the first questions that arises is: \u201cWho has the right to inherit?\u201d The Civil Code regulates not only the moment when inheritance is opened but also the conditions that a person must meet in order to receive it.<\/p>

Capacity to Inherit<\/strong><\/p>

According to Article 957 of the Civil Code, a person may inherit if:<\/p>

  • They exist at the time the inheritance is opened \u2013 inheritance is opened at the moment of death, so the heir must be alive at that time;<\/li>
  • If two or more persons die simultaneously and it cannot be proven which one survived the other, they cannot inherit from one another.<\/li><\/ul>

    Unworthiness to Inherit<\/strong><\/p>

    Unworthiness is the sanction by which a person is excluded from inheritance, even if they would otherwise have had the right to inherit (whether by law or by will). The Civil Code distinguishes between two types:<\/p>

    1. Unworthiness by Operation of Law (Article 958 Civil Code)<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>

      This applies automatically, without the need for a court ruling, when:<\/p>

      • The person has been criminally convicted for attempting or successfully killing the deceased;<\/li>
      • The person has been convicted for intentionally killing another potential heir, in order to increase their own share of the inheritance.<\/li><\/ul>

        If there is no criminal conviction (due to death, amnesty, or limitation period), unworthiness by operation of law may be established by a final civil judgment at the request of any interested party.<\/p>

        1. Judicial Unworthiness (Article 959 Civil Code)<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>

          Declared by the court at the request of a potential heir, when:<\/p>

          • The person has committed serious acts of violence against the deceased;<\/li>
          • They have concealed, destroyed, or falsified the will;<\/li>
          • They have prevented the deceased, through deceit or violence, from making, changing, or revoking a will.<\/li><\/ul>

            The time limit for requesting a declaration of unworthiness is one year from the opening of the inheritance (or from the date when the act became known, or when the criminal judgment became final).<\/p>

            Effects of Unworthiness<\/strong><\/p>

            According to Article 960 of the Civil Code:<\/p>

            • The unworthy person is excluded from both legal and testamentary inheritance;<\/li>
            • Any property they used is deemed to have been possessed in bad faith;<\/li>
            • Acts of preservation and administration carried out by the unworthy person that benefit the heirs remain valid, as do transfers for consideration made to third parties in good faith.<\/li><\/ul>

              Removal of the Effects of Unworthiness<\/strong><\/p>

              The deceased may expressly forgive the unworthy person through:<\/p>

              • A will, or<\/li>
              • A notarized authentic deed.<\/li><\/ul>

                If no express forgiveness exists, the mere inclusion of a legacy for the unworthy person after the wrongful act does not remove unworthiness. Likewise, rehabilitation, amnesty, or pardon do not eliminate its effects.<\/p>

                Right to Inherit (Heirship)<\/strong><\/p>

                To inherit, a person must either:<\/p>

                • Have the legal status required by law (for example, be the surviving spouse or a blood relative), or<\/li>
                • Be designated as heir through the deceased\u2019s will.<\/li><\/ul>

                  Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>

                  Inheritance law does not merely regulate how assets are divided \u2014 it also determines who is worthy to receive them. Unworthiness is a serious legal sanction designed to protect the memory and intent of the deceased.<\/p>

                  If you find yourself in a situation where you believe another potential heir should be excluded from the inheritance, it is important to consult a lawyer. There are specific deadlines and legal procedures through which unworthiness can be established or declared by the court.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  Atunci c\u00e2nd vorbim despre mo\u0219tenire, una dintre primele \u00eentreb\u0103ri care apar este: \u201eCine are dreptul s\u0103 mo\u0219teneasc\u0103?\u201d Codul civil reglementeaz\u0103 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3453,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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