Unilateral promise and public reward

Within the legal regulations, the unilateral act presents itself as a source of obligations, playing a significant role in how we relate to each other and assume commitments. An essential aspect of this is represented by the unilateral promise detailed in Article 1,327 of the Civil Code.

1. Unilateral Promise

The unilateral promise is a commitment made by one person (the promisor) who obligates themselves to perform a service, without requiring acceptance from the recipient. This form of commitment is important because it binds only the promisor, thus providing a flexible framework for managing legal relationships.

According to paragraph (1) of Article 1,327, the promise is considered effective even in the absence of acceptance by the recipient. However, the recipient has the right to refuse the commitment, which gives them control over the situation. If the promisor does not specify a deadline for fulfilling the promise, the obligation is considered valid for a certain duration, dictated by its nature and the circumstances in which it was made.

2. Public Reward Promise

Another important aspect is regulated by Article 1,328, which refers to the public reward promise. This stipulates that a person making such a promise is obliged to pay the reward, regardless of whether the service was performed without the promise being known.

If multiple people contribute to the performance of the service, the reward is divided proportionally according to the effort made by each. If the service is performed separately by multiple people, the reward goes to the one who first communicated the result.

3. Revocation of the Public Reward Promise

The revocation of a public reward promise is regulated by Article 1,329. It can be executed in the same form in which it was made public. However, the revocation does not affect those who fulfilled the service before the revocation was published.

If the revocation is made without just cause, the promisor is obliged to pay fair compensation to those who incurred expenses in the execution of the service, unless they prove that the requested result could not be achieved. It is important to note that the right to compensation is subject to a one-year limitation period from the date of publication of the revocation.